Given an unsorted integer array, find the first missing positive integer.
For example,
Given
and
Given
[1,2,0]
return 3
,and
[3,4,-1,1]
return 2
.
Your algorithm should run in O(n) time and uses constant space.
Solution: Counting sort
跟Counting sort一样,利用数组的index来作为数字本身的索引,把正数按照递增顺序依次放到数组中。即让A[0]=1, A[1]=2, A[2]=3, ... ,如果哪个数组元素违反了A[i]=i+1即说明i+1就是我们要求的第一个缺失的正数。
对于不在范围内的数字,直接跳过,比如说负数,0,或者超过数组长度的正数, 或者当前的数字所对应的下标已经是对应数字。
扫描数组两遍,时间复杂度是O(2*n)=O(n),而且利用数组本身空间,只需要一个额外变量,所以空间复杂度是O(1)。
public class Solution { public int firstMissingPositive(int[] A) { if(A == null || A.length == 0) return 1; for(int i = 0; i < A.length; i++) { // 如果A[i]超出范围,负数或0,下标和值对应,都跳过 if(A[i] <= A.length && A[i] > 0 && A[A[i] - 1] != A[i]) { int temp = A[A[i] - 1]; A[A[i] - 1] = A[i]; A[i] = temp; i--; } } for(int i = 0; i < A.length; i++) { if(A[i] != i + 1) { return i + 1; } } return A.length + 1; } }
Reference: http://blog.csdn.net/linhuanmars/article/details/20884585
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